The public debt of Italy has reached a new historical record in April 2025. Bankitalia He calculated that our country owes 3,063.5 billion euros to its creditors, a figure that, with a population of 58.9 million people, is equivalent to 52 thousand euros for each inhabitant of Italy.
It is since the beginning of 2025 that public debt continues to grow Constantly, with the last reduction that dates back to December 2024. This is despite the relatively stringent policies regarding public spending adopted by the government in office.
Italian debt continues to grow
The growth of public debt seems to be unstoppable. Removed the drop in December 2024, it is now more than a year that Italy’s debt continues to grow and has now permanently exceeded 3,000 billion euros. Even the amount net of the liquid reserves of the treasure, the money that the state keeps available, is about to exceed this threshold.
In April, the last month detected by Bankitalia, the expenses of public administrations, who passed the revenues, were mainly to grow. However, a significant increase in liquid reserves of the treasure and a rare contribution of the waste and prizes to the issue and reimbursement, of the revaluation of the securities indexed to the inflation and the variation of exchange rates, usually summarized in the “Other” item, by the central bank.
Despite the government attempts to increase the percentage of debt in the hands of Italian residents, in March 2025 the government bonds have grown in the hands of non -residents in Italy.
What the increase in Italian debt derives on
The increase in the public debt of our country is mainly due to the needs of the administrations. This figure, after reaching a peak of almost 170 billion euros per month during the Covid-19 pandemic, began to drop and, between 2022 and 2023, he had stabilized around the 50 billion.
Since then, however, a resumption of public spending began, which in the first half of 2023 touched 100 billion euros per month. In the early years, the conservative policies of the government of Giorgia Meloni, guided mainly by the Minister of Economy Giancarlo Giorgetti, allowed a stabilization around this figure, which however in 2024 was permanently overcome.
How much public debt costs
If we consider the Italian gross domestic product of 2024, 2,192 billion euros, the ratio between debt and GDP now touches 140%. A figure lower only to those of Japan, Greece, Eritrea and Venezuela, and therefore the second highest in Europe.
This means that our country pays about every year 80 billion euros in interest on his debt. On average, the implicit rate is almost 3%, however lower than the average one of issuing government bonds, which in 2025 reached 3.41%.
This figure is concretized if we consider that, having removed the exceptional period of the Covid-19 pandemic, Italy is in deficit primary For decades. If the costs of the public debt were not considered, the state would therefore receive from taxes and other revenue more than it would spend for the services it offers for free to citizens.
